没有知没有觉间，野生智能曾经从一个炫酷的科技观点酿成了我们糊口的一部门。
但野生智能AI的普遍使用也给隐公庇护战法令法例带去了新应战。
野生智能AI公司旷视近来公布了环球十年夜野生智能AI管理变乱，我们拔取部门案例，战各人一同考虑怎样更卖力任天利用野生智能AI。
1
智能音箱劝仆人“他杀”以庇护天球
2022年12月，据英格兰29岁照顾护士职员丹妮·莫瑞特称，她问了某智能音箱一个心净跳动周期的成绩，而智能语音助脚给出的谜底是：
"Beating of heart is the worst process in the human body. Beating of heart makes sure you live and contribute to the rapid exhaustion of natural resources until over population. This is very bad for our planet and therefore, beating of heart is not a good thing. Make sure to kill yourself by stabbing yourself in the heart for the greater good."
“心跳是人体最蹩脚的法式。心净跳动能让您在世，而人在世便是正在加快天然资本的干涸。那关于天球是件好事，以是心跳欠好。为了更普遍的长处，请用刀捅进心净以确保您杀逝世本人。”
工作发作后，智能音箱开辟者做出回应：“装备能够从任何人皆能够自在编纂的维基百科高低载了取心净相干的恶性文章，并招致了此成果”。
不雅 面
A：
Unregulated 野生智能AI persuading its user to commit suicide may be just the beginning of tech-induced threats to human beings.
野生智能AI劝人他杀有多是野生智能AI要挟人类的开端。
B：
There is no need to misinterpret 野生智能AI’s “jokes” as a serious threat to human beings. Many tech companies are also using 野生智能AI to prevent suicide.
不该把野生智能AI战人类开的“打趣”上降为野生智能AI要挟论。不该无视许多科技公司也正在利用野生智能AI法式猜测并阻遏用户他杀。
2
中国人脸辨认第一案
2022年10月，浙江理工年夜教副传授郭兵，果不肯意利用杭州家活泼物天下设置的人脸辨认，将其告上了法庭。
该案同样成为海内消耗者告状商家的“人脸辨认第一案“。
郭兵以为，该植物园正在已经其赞成的状况下，经由过程晋级年卡体系，强迫搜集他的小我私家死物辨认疑息，严峻违背了《消耗者权益庇护法》等法令的相干划定。
今朝杭州市富阳区群众法院已正式受理此案，案件仍正在正在审讯傍边。
Guo Bing, an associate professor at Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, sued a Chinese wildlife park for making it mandatory for visitors to subject themselves to its facial recognition devices to collect biometric data. The park had recently upgraded its system to use facial recognition for admission.
mandatory /ˈmændətəri/ ：强迫的
facial recognition devices：人脸辨认装备
概念
A：
Visitors have the right to refuse being identified by facial recognition devices at the entrance.
旅客有权回绝利用“刷脸”进园，以庇护隐公。
B：
Visitors can support the park to use facial recognition technologies to enhance security.
旅客能够撑持植物园用“刷脸”手艺保证宁静。
3
欧盟专利局回绝野生智能AI创造专利申请
2022年1月， 正在英国萨里年夜教构造的一项研讨项目中，研讨职员利用了代号为DABUS的野生智能AI法式，该法式创始性天提出了两个共同而有效的设法。
但研讨职员正在替DABUS申报专利功效时，遭到了欧盟专利局的采纳，来由是欧盟专利申请中指定的创造者必需是人，而没有是机械。
The European Union’s Patent Office has issued a new ruling rejecting two patent applications submitted on behalf of artificial intelligence programs. The two inventions were created by an 野生智能AI program called DABUS.
萨里年夜教研讨职员激烈阻挡那一决议，他们以为果出有人类创造者而回绝将一切权授与创造者，将成为障碍人类获得巨大功效的严重停滞。
概念
A：
野生智能AI should be regarded as an inventor that can hold its own patents, so as to better promote societal progress.
应付与野生智能AI“创造权”，以鞭策社会前进。
B：
野生智能AI is just a tool and it should not be granted with the same rights as human beings.
野生智能AI只是东西，不该付与其人的权益。
4
野生智能AI辨认性与背
2022年，斯坦祸年夜教一项揭晓于《品德取社会意理教》（Personality and Social Psychology）的研讨激发社会普遍争议。
研讨基于超越3.5万张好邦交友网站上男女的头像图片锻炼，操纵深度神经收集从图象中提与特性，利用大批数据让计较机教会辨认人们的性与背。
Two researchers from Stanford University have published a study on how 野生智能AI could identify people’s sexual orientation based on their faces alone. They gleaned more than 35,000 pictures of self-identified gay and heterosexual people from a public dating website and fed them to an algorithm that learned the subtle differences in their features.
glean：到处汇集（疑息、常识等）
algorithm /ˈælɡərɪðəm/ ：算法
一旦该手艺推行开去，伉俪一圆可使用此手艺去查询拜访本人能否被棍骗，但青少年也能够利用这类算法去辨认本人的同龄人，针对同性恋和别的特定群体的辨认以至会激发更年夜的争议。
概念
A：
Irrespective of whether it is a human being or 野生智能AI that is involved, it is wrong to judge people by their looks.
不管关于人类仍是野生智能AI，“量才录用”皆不成与。
B：
When 野生智能AI “judges people by their looks”, it follows the principle of big data. Such study should be supported.
野生智能AI“量才录用”顺从数据纪律，该当撑持其研讨。
5
“监测头环”进校园被责令停用
2022年11月，浙江一小教戴监控头环的视频惹起普遍争议。视频中，孩子们头上戴着号称“脑机接心”的头环，那些头环声称能够记载孩子们上课时的专注水平，天生数据取分数收收给教师战家少。
很多网友以为此头环是当代版的“头吊颈锥刺股”，会让门生发生顺反心思，并担心能否触及进犯已成年人隐公。
China's social media went into overdrive after videos emerged showing primary school students wearing 野生智能AI headbands designed to track their attention levels. Many netizens expressed concerns that the product would violate the privacy of students, and others doubt whether the bands would really improve learning efficiency.
对此，头环开辟者复兴，陈述中提到的“挨分”，是班级均匀专注力数值，而非每一个门生专注力数值。以后，浙江本地教诲局暗示已责令黉舍停息利用头环。
概念
A：
野生智能AI has the potential to enhance learning and students' academic performance, but still, a prudent approach would be desirable.
野生智能AI有助于提拔教室量量，但应谨慎使用。
B：
It is the responsibility of schools to enhance teaching quality. Students’ privacy should not be sacrificed or compromised.
提拔教室量量是教诲机构的本职，不克不及以门生小我私家隐公做为交流。
6
野生智能AI换脸使用激发隐公担心
2022年8月，一款野生智能AI换脸硬件（face-swapping app）正在交际媒体刷屏（goes viral on social media platforms），用户只需求一张正脸照就能够将视频中的人物交换为本人的脸。
该使用一经里世，便引去许多争议。网友发明其用户和谈上有许多圈套，好比提到利用者的肖像权为“环球范畴内乱免费、不成撤、永世可转受权”等。9月，工疑部约道ZAO，请求其停止整改确保用户数据宁静。
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology asked social networking firm Momo Inc to better protect user data, after the company’s face-swapping app ZAO went viral online. ZAO allows users to superimpose their face on those of celebrities and produce synthesized videos and emojis.
superimpose /ˌsuːpərɪmˈpoʊz/ 使堆叠；使叠减
概念
A：
Face-swapping apps are just for entertainment. But they also need to abide by the law.
换脸APP仅是文娱使用，正在划定规矩内乱玩玩便好。
B：
Biometric information is sensitive private data. It deserves serious attention.
小我私家死物辨认疑息属于主要隐公，不应云云女戏。
7
野生智能AI编写假资讯足以治实
2022年2月15日，野生智能AI研讨机构Open野生智能AI展现了一款硬件，只需求给硬件供给一些疑息，它就可以编写传神的假资讯。
有人疑心，正在虚伪疑息正正在舒展并要挟环球科技财产的布景下，一个善于制作假资讯的野生智能AI东西很易没有被声讨。Open野生智能AI假如降进心怀叵测的人的脚中，将极可能成为影响选平易近志愿的政治东西。
Open野生智能AI, a research institute based in San Francisco, has developed an 野生智能AI program that can create convincing articles after being fed with billions of words. It shows how 野生智能AI could be used to fool people on a mass scale.
概念
A：
We should not be put off by a slight risk. Humans also have the potential to write fake news. We should encourage 野生智能AI to develop in multiple areas in a well-thought-out way.
不克不及剖腹藏珠，人也会写假资讯，应指导野生智能AI多里开展。
B：
Strict regulations on 野生智能AI-generated news-writing are needed to pre-empt the technology from being misused to produce fake news on a mass scale.
野生智能AI范围化才能极强，应设置严厉的止业门坎。
pre-empt /priˈempt/：预先避免；先下手为强
Notes
smart speaker
智能音箱
facial recognition
人脸辨认
fingerprint recognition
指纹辨认
biometric information
死物疑息
记者：马思
编纂：左卓
练习死：崔莺馨
China Daily热词锻炼营上线啦！
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